{"id":2913,"date":"2018-02-16T16:27:25","date_gmt":"2018-02-16T16:27:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sarmsthailand.com\/?p=2913"},"modified":"2026-07-26T15:44:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-26T15:44:02","slug":"yk11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.sarmsthailand.com\/th\/sarms-guides\/yk11\/","title":{"rendered":"YK-11 SARM Guide: Follistatin, Myostatin and Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"max-width:960px;margin:0 auto;color:#374151;line-height:1.75;\">\n<p>YK-11 is an experimental steroidal compound that acts as a partial agonist of the androgen receptor. It is commonly described as a selective androgen receptor modulator, or SARM, and became well known because laboratory research reported increased follistatin expression in cultured muscle cells.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin:26px 0;padding:24px;background:#f8faf9;border:1px solid #dfe7e2;border-radius:9px;\">\n<h2 style=\"margin-top:0;\">YK-11 at a Glance<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Common name:<\/strong> YK-11<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compound class:<\/strong> Steroidal androgen-receptor partial agonist and experimental SARM<\/li>\n<li><strong>Research areas:<\/strong> Androgen-receptor signalling, follistatin expression, muscle-cell differentiation and bone-cell research<\/li>\n<li><strong>Human clinical evidence:<\/strong> No controlled human performance trial identified<\/li>\n<li><strong>Previous Sarms Thailand format:<\/strong> 10 mg\/ml liquid in a 30ml bottle<\/li>\n<li><strong>Current status:<\/strong> No longer stocked by Sarms Thailand<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;\"><a href=\"\/th\/product-category\/sarm\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:12px 20px;background:#176b51;color:#ffffff;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;font-weight:700;\">View Currently Available Liquid SARMs<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What Is YK-11?<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 is a synthetic steroidal compound first described in published androgen-receptor research in 2011. Its molecular structure differs from nonsteroidal SARMs such as Ostarine, LGD-4033 and RAD-140.<\/p>\n<p>The original study characterized YK-11 as a partial agonist of the androgen receptor. This means that it activates the receptor but does not produce exactly the same receptor response as a full agonist such as dihydrotestosterone.<\/p>\n<p>YK-11 remains experimental and has not been approved as a muscle-building, bodybuilding or athletic-performance medicine.<\/p>\n<h2>Is YK-11 a SARM?<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 is commonly classified as a SARM because laboratory research found that it produced selective, gene-dependent activity through the androgen receptor.<\/p>\n<p>However, it is structurally different from many better-known nonsteroidal SARMs. YK-11 has a steroidal molecular structure, whereas Ostarine, LGD-4033 and RAD-140 are nonsteroidal compounds.<\/p>\n<p>The SARM label therefore describes its proposed selective androgen-receptor activity rather than meaning that it has the same structure, evidence base or effects as every other product in the category.<\/p>\n<h2>How Does YK-11 Interact With the Androgen Receptor?<\/h2>\n<p>The original laboratory research found that YK-11 accelerated movement of the androgen receptor into the cell nucleus and activated androgen-responsive genes.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike a full androgen-receptor agonist, YK-11 did not produce the same interaction between the receptor\u2019s amino-terminal and ligand-binding regions. Researchers suggested that this difference helped explain its partial and gene-selective activity.<\/p>\n<p>These findings came from laboratory assays and cultured cells. They do not establish how strongly YK-11 activates androgen receptors in healthy people or how that activity compares with testosterone in the human body.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11, Follistatin and Myostatin<\/h2>\n<p>Much of YK-11\u2019s reputation comes from a 2013 study involving C2C12 mouse muscle cells. Researchers found that YK-11 increased the expression of follistatin and several factors involved in muscle-cell differentiation.<\/p>\n<p>Follistatin interacts with signalling proteins that include myostatin and activins. Myostatin normally helps regulate and limit skeletal-muscle growth.<\/p>\n<p>When researchers used an antibody to block follistatin, the YK-11-related muscle-cell differentiation was reduced. This suggested that follistatin played an important role in the cellular response observed in the experiment.<\/p>\n<h2>Is YK-11 a Proven Myostatin Inhibitor?<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 is frequently marketed as a myostatin inhibitor, but the established evidence requires more careful wording.<\/p>\n<p>The principal study showed that YK-11 increased follistatin expression in cultured mouse muscle cells. It did not demonstrate a quantified reduction in circulating myostatin in humans or prove that YK-11 produces exceptional muscle growth in people.<\/p>\n<p>Describing YK-11 as a direct and clinically proven human myostatin inhibitor therefore goes beyond what the published research establishes.<\/p>\n<h2>Muscle-Cell Differentiation Research<\/h2>\n<p>The 2013 cell study reported increased expression of muscle-regulatory factors including MyoD, Myf5 and myogenin during YK-11 treatment.<\/p>\n<p>These proteins are involved in the process through which precursor cells develop into mature muscle cells. The researchers also reported greater myogenic differentiation with YK-11 than with dihydrotestosterone under the conditions used in the experiment.<\/p>\n<p>This does not mean that YK-11 has been proven superior to testosterone or dihydrotestosterone for increasing human muscle mass. Cultured-cell findings cannot determine real-world muscle growth, strength, absorption, metabolism or safety in people.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 and Bone-Cell Research<\/h2>\n<p>Separate laboratory research examined YK-11 in mouse osteoblast precursor cells. Osteoblasts are cells involved in the formation of bone tissue.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers reported increased osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through androgen-receptor-dependent signalling.<\/p>\n<p>This remains cellular research. It does not establish that YK-11 increases bone density, prevents fractures or treats osteoporosis in humans.<\/p>\n<h2>Animal Research Involving Muscle Wasting<\/h2>\n<p>A later study examined YK-11 in a mouse model of bacterial sepsis. Researchers evaluated muscle wasting, inflammation, organ markers and survival in the experimental animals.<\/p>\n<p>The study reported reduced signs of muscle wasting and changes in inflammatory measurements in YK-11-treated mice.<\/p>\n<p>This research involved experimentally induced sepsis in mice and very different exposure conditions from recreational SARM use. It cannot establish a bodybuilding protocol or predict equivalent effects in healthy people.<\/p>\n<h2>Has YK-11 Been Studied in Humans?<\/h2>\n<p>Detailed controlled human trials establishing YK-11\u2019s effects on muscle mass, strength, body composition, hormonal suppression or long-term safety are not available in the published evidence reviewed for this guide.<\/p>\n<p>Some anti-doping research has investigated how YK-11 is metabolized and detected, but metabolism studies are not clinical trials of effectiveness or safety.<\/p>\n<p>This makes YK-11\u2019s evidence base substantially weaker than compounds such as Ostarine and LGD-4033, which have published controlled human studies.<\/p>\n<h2>Why Muscle-Gain Claims Exceed the Evidence<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 is often promoted online using claims such as exceptional muscle growth, steroid-like strength and strong myostatin inhibition.<\/p>\n<p>Those claims are largely extrapolated from cultured-cell experiments, animal research and non-medical reports. There is no controlled human trial establishing a predictable amount of muscle or strength gain.<\/p>\n<p>YK-11 should also not be described as producing testosterone-like results without detrimental effects. Human safety, hormonal effects and long-term outcomes have not been established.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Cycle and Dosage Discussions<\/h2>\n<p>Various YK-11 amounts and cycle lengths are discussed in bodybuilding communities, but no clinically validated human dosage or performance protocol has been established.<\/p>\n<p>The absence of human pharmacokinetic research also means that absorption, effective exposure and individual variability are not well characterized.<\/p>\n<p>For those reasons, this guide does not present an online community dosage as an evidence-based recommendation.<\/p>\n<h2>Does YK-11 Require PCT?<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 activates the androgen receptor and may affect normal hormonal signalling. However, controlled human studies have not quantified the degree of testosterone suppression or the typical recovery pattern.<\/p>\n<p>It should not be assumed that YK-11 is non-suppressive simply because it is marketed as selective. The amount used, duration, additional compounds and individual hormone levels could all influence the response.<\/p>\n<p>Blood testing provides more useful information than relying on cycle length or online claims. Current post-cycle products can be compared in the <a href=\"\/th\/product-category\/sarms-pct-estrogen-blockers\/\">SARM PCT and Post-Cycle Support<\/a> category.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Compared With Ostarine<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 and Ostarine both interact with androgen receptors, but their evidence bases differ significantly.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/th\/sarms-guides\/mk-2866-ostarine\/\">Ostarine MK-2866<\/a> has been evaluated in controlled human trials involving lean body mass and physical function. YK-11\u2019s principal muscle-related evidence comes from cultured cells and animal research.<\/p>\n<p>YK-11 is also steroidal in structure, while Ostarine is a nonsteroidal SARM.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Compared With LGD-4033<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"\/th\/sarms-guides\/lgd-4033-ligandrol\/\">LGD-4033 Ligandrol<\/a> has a published placebo-controlled study in healthy men that measured lean body mass, hormone levels and lipid markers.<\/p>\n<p>No equivalent controlled human trial has established YK-11\u2019s body-composition or hormonal effects.<\/p>\n<p>The two compounds should therefore not be compared solely through informal claims about which one is stronger.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Compared With RAD-140<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"\/th\/sarms-guides\/rad140-testolone\/\">RAD-140 Testolone<\/a> has entered human clinical research through an oncology development program, although it has not been validated through bodybuilding trials.<\/p>\n<p>YK-11 has not developed a comparable published human clinical evidence base. Most YK-11 claims remain dependent on laboratory and animal research.<\/p>\n<h2>Why Sarms Thailand No Longer Stocks YK-11<\/h2>\n<p>Sarms Thailand no longer carries YK-11 as part of its active product range. This guide remains available so visitors and previous customers can access more accurate information about the compound and its research limitations.<\/p>\n<p>Currently available products can be compared through the <a href=\"\/th\/product-category\/sarm\/\">Liquid SARMs in Thailand<\/a> category.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Research and Anti-Doping Status<\/h2>\n<p>YK-11 remains an experimental compound without an approved bodybuilding or athletic-performance indication.<\/p>\n<p>YK-11 is specifically named on the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List under anabolic agents. Athletes subject to anti-doping testing should avoid products containing YK-11.<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n<h3>Is YK-11 a steroid or a SARM?<\/h3>\n<p>YK-11 has a steroidal chemical structure and produces selective, partial activity through the androgen receptor. It is therefore commonly described as a steroidal SARM.<\/p>\n<h3>Does YK-11 inhibit myostatin?<\/h3>\n<p>Laboratory research found that YK-11 increased follistatin expression in cultured mouse muscle cells. This supports a possible relationship with myostatin signalling but does not establish clinically proven myostatin inhibition in humans.<\/p>\n<h3>Has YK-11 been tested in people?<\/h3>\n<p>No published controlled human performance trial has established its effects on muscle, strength, body composition, dosage or long-term safety.<\/p>\n<h3>Has YK-11 been proven stronger than testosterone?<\/h3>\n<p>No. Cultured-cell experiments cannot establish that YK-11 is stronger, safer or more effective than testosterone in the human body.<\/p>\n<h3>Does YK-11 cause muscle growth?<\/h3>\n<p>YK-11 promoted muscle-cell differentiation in laboratory research, but no controlled human trial has established a specific muscle-growth result.<\/p>\n<h3>Does YK-11 require SARM PCT?<\/h3>\n<p>Its androgen-receptor activity creates a reasonable concern about hormonal suppression, but the degree and recovery pattern have not been quantified through controlled human studies.<\/p>\n<h3>Can I still buy YK-11 from Sarms Thailand?<\/h3>\n<p>No. Sarms Thailand no longer stocks YK-11. The guide is retained for educational and historical product information.<\/p>\n<h2>YK-11 Research Sources<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21372378\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Original research identifying YK-11 as an androgen-receptor partial agonist<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/bpb\/36\/9\/36_b13-00231\/_html\/-char\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">YK-11, follistatin expression and muscle-cell differentiation research<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29491216\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">YK-11 osteoblast proliferation and differentiation study<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33588136\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">YK-11 research in a mouse model of sepsis-related muscle wasting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36030969\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Research on YK-11-dependent androgen-receptor gene expression<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/yk-11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PubChem compound information for YK-11<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wada-ama.org\/en\/prohibited-list\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"margin-top:28px;padding:20px;background:#fff8e8;border-left:4px solid #d5a72d;border-radius:6px;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0;\"><strong>Editorial and historical disclosure:<\/strong> Sarms Thailand previously sold a 10 mg\/ml YK-11 liquid product but no longer stocks it. This guide distinguishes laboratory and animal findings from unverified human performance claims.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-top:28px;padding:24px;background:#f8faf9;border:1px solid #dfe7e2;border-radius:9px;text-align:center;\">\n<h2 style=\"margin-top:0;\">Compare Available Liquid SARMs in Thailand<\/h2>\n<p>Review the current selection of Ostarine, LGD-4033, RAD-140, S-4 and other available liquid compounds.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0;\"><a href=\"\/th\/product-category\/sarm\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:12px 22px;background:#176b51;color:#ffffff;text-decoration:none;border-radius:5px;font-weight:700;\">View Available Liquid SARMs<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>YK-11 is an experimental steroidal compound that acts as a partial agonist of the androgen receptor. It is commonly described as a selective androgen receptor modulator, or SARM, and became well known because laboratory research reported increased follistatin expression in cultured muscle cells. YK-11 at a Glance Common name: YK-11 Compound class: Steroidal androgen-receptor partial [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3634,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sarms-guides"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>YK-11 SARM Guide | Follistatin, Myostatin &amp; Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"YK-11 guide covering androgen-receptor activity, follistatin research, myostatin claims, limited human evidence and why Sarms Thailand no longer stocks it.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sarmsthailand.com\/th\/sarms-guides\/yk11\/\" \/>\n<meta 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